What is Cyberstalking?

Cyberstalking is defined as the use of digital technologies—such as social media platforms, email, and digital surveillance tools—to harass, threaten, or monitor individuals, families, or communities (Marcum & Higgins, 2021). This phenomenon can manifest in various scenarios, including harassment of former partners, bullying based on race or sexual orientation, and coercion involving the threat of sharing humiliating images or information. Victims of cyberstalking may or may not know their harasser (Walsh et al., 2024).

The Role of Mental Health Professionals in Cyberstalking

Identification of Cyberstalking

A critical responsibility of mental health professionals (MHPs) is to identify potential cases of cyberstalking among their clients. Many victims may lack awareness of the risks associated with digital interactions or may feel embarrassed or fearful about disclosing their experiences. Perpetrators often employ intimidation tactics, such as threats of data erasure or personal harm, to silence their victims.

To foster a safe environment for disclosure, MHPs can incorporate screening questions related to cyberstalking during intake assessments. Providing educational resources about cyberstalking on practice websites and social media platforms can also help raise awareness. MHPs must create an atmosphere of trust by openly inviting clients to discuss their online experiences. For example, they might say:

“If it’s okay, I’d like to ask whether you’ve had any negative experiences online or in person. I understand that discussing these issues can be difficult. Please know that I am here to support you.”

Offering Support and Education

Empathetic listening is essential for MHPs as clients navigate their feelings about cyberstalking. Victims may experience a range of emotions, including fear, despair, and anger. Additionally, MHPs should assess for any suicidal thoughts, particularly in at-risk populations like adolescents who may be too frightened to confide in their parents about bullying from peers or adults.

MHPs can also assist clients in evaluating potential responses to cyberstalking. This may involve technical solutions, such as enhancing digital security to guard against phishing attempts and other online threats. In institutional settings, appropriate channels may exist for addressing cyberbullying, and legal action could be a viable option. Laws regarding cyberstalking vary by state, and seeking legal counsel may be necessary for clients considering actions like securing restraining orders or filing civil suits (Barsky, 2024).

Conclusion

In the realm of cyberstalking, the role of mental health professionals is paramount. They provide a safe space, emotional support, and valuable educational resources, as well as connections to legal services. Their presence can significantly impact the safety and wellbeing of clients affected by these distressing experiences.